Electric condenser



F. 8. SMITH. ELECTRIC CONDENSER APPLICATION rlpzu'rza. 12. 1919.

Patented July 11, 1922,

5:11:41 aIIllo- :III:v4511:1111!'tlvitallltllnilnnuilli v QM N Q UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANKLIN S. SMITH, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVALILQ, ASSIGNOR TO THE PRODUCTS PROTECTION CORPORATION, 01. NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORA- TION OF DELAWARE.

ELECTRIC CONDENSER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 12, 1919. Serial No. 276,559.-

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, .FRANKLIN S. Srnrrr, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State 'of Pennsylvania, have invented an Improvement in Electric Condensers, of which the following is a specification. Y

My invention relates to high tension electric elastors or condensers, more particularly those of the character in which it .is intended that a gas, under pressure; shall be used as the dielectric. In such condensers it is, difficult to provide a construction in which the gas may be confined permanently without wastage and loss. 0

The principal object of my invention is to provide a condenser in which the container for the gas, such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, air, etc., is absolutely air tight and unleakable, so that once the gas shall have been introduced and the passageway into the container sealed, it is retained permanently therein.

A' further object of my invention 18 to simplify the construction and also provide a condenser which is more efiicient and capable of adaptation to more general and umversal use than condensers heretofore con-' structed. That is to say, a condenser constructed in accordance with my invention may be of such size and shape that it may be used or adapted for use in any relation or position where condensers are required, the construction at the same time increasing the efiiciency thereof.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be referred to and pointed out in the detailed description thereof which follows or will be apparent therefrom.

In the accompanying drawing I have depicted a preferred form of embodiment of my invention, but it will be realized bythose skilled in the art that it is susceptible of' practical embodiment-in many other forms than that shown.

In the drawing Fig. 1 is a longitudinal, sectional view of a preferred form of condenser constructed in accordance with my invention;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the upper end portion of the condenser in'a partiall completed condition, indicating the met 0d of manufacture.

Before proceeding with a detailed description of my invention, I desire to note thatthe condenser disclosed and described herein is designed and is especially well ada ted to be employed collectively in lieu of t e form of condenser disclosed in my a'plication for Letters Patent of the United tates, filed April 30, 1918, Serial Number 231,666. I

In the construction of a condenser in accordance with m invention, I preferably employ a moldable material, such as bakelite, for the purpose of forming the con- ,tainer for the gaseous dielectric and for the spaced members of metal constituting a part of the condenser construction. The moldable material should, of course, beof'a character'that after having been formed into the shape desired it will set and become hard,

rigid and strong and impermeable to gases or liguids, and non-porous. It is to be understoo however, that the body of such condenser may be constructed of any other suitable, equivalent, workable dielectric material.

Referring to the drawing :-1 designates the container of the condenser which, in the construction shown, is of tubular form. One end portion is flared asindicated at 2. The inner surface of the container 1' is provided with a lining 3 of metal which forms one side of the condenser, the upper end of which has connection with a plug 4 fitted within one end of the container 1. Prefer- I into the end of the tubular metal ining 3 and the two are connected by a sweating process or by welding. The plug is provided with an integral extension as indicated at 6, which extends through an opening 7 in one end of the container 1. The portion of the extension 6 within the opening 7 is knurled as indicated.

The material 1 bein in a plastic state is formed around the tu ular member 3 and around the knurled portion of the extension 6. The knurling of the portion of the said extension within the opening 7 is in order that a firm connection may be secured between the material of the container 1 and the said extension. A core, not shown, should be provided to fit within the tubular member 3' and of a shape to form the flared end portion thereof at 2 in order that a proper amount of pressure may be applied to the plastic material in forming the same around the tubular metal lining 3. The extension 6 is adapted to extend through an opening 10 in a metal plate 11 and to be secured thereon by a nut and washer 12.v In order to prevent corona loss by such extension, it is covered and protected by a hollow, knob-like member 15. The inner end of this member is reduced to form a neck portion as shown at 16, which fits over the portion of the extension 6 which'projects beyond the nut and washer 12.

The end of -the metal tubular lining 3 which projects into the enlarged flared portion 2 of the tubular -container 1 is also flared in order to prevent flux concentration about the end of the said'metal lining.

In the formation of the member or container 1, the inner side of the outer end of the flared portion 2 is enlarged and screw threaded as indicated at 20, such enlargementterminating in a shoulder 21.

25 designates the other metal member or side of the condenser which consists of a rod which projects well into the interior of the tubular lining 3 of the container 1. The outer end portion of the member 25 is reduced and its outer surface knurled as indicated at 26, saidreduced portion terminating at and forming a shoulder at 27 against which a disk or closing plug 28 is rmly seated. Said disk consists preferably of the same material as that composing the container 1' and is formed under pressure about the "knurled portion 26 so that the joint between the said disk and the knurled portionis air tight; that is, it ishermetic. The peripheral'edge of the disk 28 is screw threaded so that it may be screwed into the enlarged screw threaded portion 20, thereby securing the member 25 within the container chamber, as is clearly shown in Fig. 1 of the drawing. To enable the disk 28 to be screwed into the screw threaded enlarged portion 2 of the flaredend of the container 1, I provide a couple of openings 30 in the outer surface thereof which are adapted to receive the ends of a turning instrument or wrench in known manner. I

In order. to render the joint between the screw threaded edge of the disk and the screw threaded end of the tubular condenser '1 air and water or moisture tight; that is, hermetic, .1 coat the screw threads with bakelite varnish or cement and then bake the same.

The outer end of the extension 26 from the rod '25 is provided with a hollow ball 35 which, in the use of the condenser, would be used as a discharge electrode as is disclosed in my application above identified.

In order to provide means for exhausting air from the interior of the container 1 and its lining 3, if desired, and for charging the same with a dielectric consisting of a gas, such as nitrogen, the extension 6 is contr'acted as indicated at 4 0 and terminates in an enlarged portion 41 to which a nipple 42 is adapted to be connected, which in turn is adapted to be connected with means, not shown, for withdrawing the air, if desired, from the container and for charging the desired gas employedas the dielectric into the same. After thus charging the gas or other suitable fluid into the condenser, the passage through the contracted portion 40 may be closed by applying external mechanical pressure to such contracted portion. Thereafter the portion 41 of the extension may be cutoff and the end welded so as to hermetically seal the passage through the extension 6 from'the interior of the condenser chamber. The completed or finished condenser is shown in Fig. 1.

Although nitrogen has been referred to as a suitable gas to be employed as a dielectric, it will be understood that any other suitable gas or combination of gases may be employed, also that a liquid, if desired, may be introduced into the condenser chamber and employed as the dielectric.

WVhen employed in an apparatus such as is disclosed in my application for Letters Patent hereinbefore identified, it will be understood that the desired number of condensers in multiple will be secured to a plate common to them all such as 11 and that the electrical energy will be supplied from a suitable source to said plate and will be conducted thereby to the respective condensers.

It will be understood that it is not at all necessary to extract the air from the containers before charging the nitrogen or other gas thereinto; also that the said containers may be charged with air.

The containers may be charged with gas under such pressure as may be desired. The dielectric strength thereof is increased very nearly in proportion to the pressure thereof in the container.

I claim:

1. An electric condenser comprising in combination an outer inclosing container the inner surface of which is provided with a flared portion, a metal lining for said container having one end flared to correspond to the said flaring surface portion. and an air-tight closure for the said container.

2. An electric condenser comprising an air-tight container of dielectric material, a metal lining upon the inner surface of the said container, said lining having connection at one end with a metallic part pro jecting through the wall of one end of said container to the exterior thereof and the other open end of saidlining terminating in opposed spaced relation to the. opposite closed end of said container, and a metal member secured-to the said opposite closed end and projecting therethrough into the space inclosed by said metal lining.

- 3. An electric condenser comprising an air-tight container. the outer wallof which consists of material which is a dielectric, the inner surface of said container having a portion adjacent one end which is flared, a metal lining for the said wall, one end of which is flared to fit the flared portion of the said inner surface, a disk of dielectric material for closing the open end of said wall adjacent said flared inner surface portion, said disk being situated a distance from and in opposed relation to the flared end of said lining. a metallic member secured to the said disk and projecting into the space surrounded by the said metal lining.

4. An electric condenser comprising a container. the outer wall of which consists of a material formed from a plastic substance, a metal lining within the said outer wall. one end of said lining having air-tight connection with a plug seated within a closed end of the said container, said plug being provided with an extension which projects through an opening through such closed end. means for hermetically sealing the opposite end of the said container, and a metallic member permanently secured to the said means and projecting into the space surrounded by the said metal lining.

An electric condenser comprising a container. the outer tubular wall of which consists of material formed'from a plastic substance. one end of the said wall being enlarged and a portion of. its inner surface .flared outwardly, a tubular lining for the said outer wall, one end of which is flared to titv the flared inner surface of the said outer wall. a metallic plug member seated in the opposite end of the said-outer wall and projecting into the-adjacent end of the said tubular metal member, the'said metal members being connected together by a hermetic connection and the said metallic plug member being provided with an extension which projects through an opening in the adjacent end of the said outer wall, a disk formed from a plastic substance seated in the inside of the enlarged end portion of the said outer wall in opposed relation to the flared end of the said metallic tubular member. and a rod having permanent hermetic connection with the said disks and extending into the said tubular metal member.

6. As an article of manufacture, an-electric condenser comprising a container havin an outer tubular wall of dielectric material having an opening through one end thereof, a closure for the other end of the said wall, said closure consisting of dielectric material, a metallic rod having'connection with the said closure and rojecting therethrough into-the said container, a metal lining for the said container, said lining having a closed tubular extension at its end opposite the said closure which extension projects through the said opening. a i

7 An electric condenser comprising a hermetically sealed tubular member of dielectric material, a tubular lining of conducting material for said member, said lining covering the major portion. of the interior of said member and constituting one of the conducting elements of said condenser, and a memher of conducting material projecting into the said tubular lining and also constituting one of the conducting-elements of said condenser, the said elements being adapted to bej'oppositely charged.

8. An electric condenser comprising in combination a tubular member of conducting material, one end of which is open and the other end of which is closed and is provided with a reduced projecting portion, a tubular member of dielectric material inclosing the said tubular member and in airtight engagement with a portion of the sides of the said projection, the open end of the said inclosed conducting member terminating adjacent one end of the saidinclosing member of dielectric material, and a conducting member extending through the said last mentioned closed end of the said dielectric member and projecting a substantial distance into the said tubular conducting member.

9. The process of constructing an electric condenser which comprises forming an unleakable inclosure about and in contact with the sides of the conductor element thereof, charging a fluid into said inclusure and thereafter hermetically sealing the passageway through which the said fluid has been charged.

10. The process of constructing an electric condenser which comprises forming an unleakable inclosure around and in sealing tric condenser which comprises the steps of forming a tubular. conductor element with an open ended reduced tubular portion extending from one end thereof, forming an unleakable inclosure around the said tubular conductor element, causing the said inclosure to form an unleakable joint with a portion of the said projecting reduced tubular portion, charging a gas under pressure through the said reduced tubular projecting of, providing a passageway leading from portion into the interior of the said consaid inclosure to the exterior thereof, chargdenser and thereafter hermetically sealing ing a fluid dielectric into said inclosure and the open end of said reduced tubular prothereafter hermetically and permanently 5 jection. sealing the said passageway. 15

12. The process of constructing an electric In testimony that I claim the foregoing condenser which comprises forming of plasas my invention I have hereunto set my tic dielectric material an unleakable inclohand this 11th day of February, A. D., 1919. sure around and in contact with portions of 10 the sides of the conductor elements there- FRANKLIN S. SMITH. 

